Pavlovsk is a
delightful romantic English park with a palace and pavilions. It was
built in 1777 on the land of Catherine II and presented to her son
Paul I in honour of the birth of Alexander, her first grandson and the
future Russian Emperor. The Pavlovsk Palace looks like an Italian
palazzo. Pavlovsk is still famous for its antiques and art
collections.
The Pavlovsk palace and park ensemble is located 27 kilometers away
from St. Petersburg. In 1777 Catherine II gave the grounds to the
Great Duke Paul as a summer residence. In 1779 a two-storied building
called Marientahl was erected.
The intensive establishment of the Pavlovsk Park, Palace and pavilions
started in 1780.

C. Cameron spent over twenty years of his life creating the Pavlovsk
ensemble. In 1782-86 the designs of this architect were used for
construction of the Pavilion of the Three Graces, the Cage, the Dairy
House, the Apollo Colon-nade, the Cold Bathhouse, the Temple of
Friendship, the Grand Cascade, the Elizabeth's Pavilion, the Circular
Hall, the Parents Memorial Pavilion, and the End of Universe Column.
In 1786-99 the architect V. Brenna expanded the Palace wings, and
added the Italian Stairs, the Pill Tower, the Theater Gates, the New
and the Old Sylvian Gates, the Amphitheater, and the Ruin Cascade. In
1802-25 the Air Theater, the Viskontyev and Pill Tower bridges, the
Pink Pavilion and the Gates, the Farm, the Mausoleum of Paul I, and
Mourning Gates appeared in the Park .
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The Pavlovsk Park is one of the pearls
of world landscape art.
Each of the seven major park districts is marked
by poetry, where the beauty of the northern nature is combined with
the exquisite skill of artists.
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The architectural center of
the Pavlovsk ensemble is the Grand Pavlovsk Palace designed in the
spirit of Russian Classicism by Ch.Cameron. The main building of
the palace is connected with galleries and auxiliary wings decorated
with a colonnade and busts of great Russians. The palace is
topped with a flat dome resting on 64 small columns of the Tuscan
order.
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| The palace's outline is austere and graceful at the same time.
In the 1790s V.Brenna enlarged the palace and continued the park's
design. The palace and park complex was finished in the early XIX
century by the architects A.Voronikhin, C.Rossi and T.de Thomon. |
Around the palace there is an enormous park
covering an area of 600 ha. It consists of seven sections
each defined by
the exquisite uniqueness of layout. The splendid palace section with its
strict geometrical
planning of lanes, parterres and position of statues
imperceptibly melts into the scenic view of the Slavyanka
river valley. The
arrangement of the Old Silvia is based on the ancient Greek legends. The
endless succession
of scenes represents immeasurable grandeur of Russian
nature, which goes well with the refined buildings
of Russian Classicism
and magnificent sculptures.
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| The park was built step by step. In 1779 the
construction of the park was headed by Ch.Cameron. He outlined the limits of
the park, defined the appearance of the Grand Palace, the Slavyanka river
valley and arranged the One's Own Garden and the Open-air Cage section. Near
the palace the architect located structures of park architecture prompted by
the ancient motifs. Among them there are the colonnade of Apollo, the Temple
of Friendship, the Elegant Enclosure, and the Pavilion of the Three Graces. In
the 90s of the XVIII century the construction of the park was supervised by
V.Brenna. He created the Parade Grand Circles, the Romantic Silvias, the
Ruin Cascade, the Pille tower and the Amphitheater. A.Voronikhin
successfully finished the formation of the panoramic view of the Slavyanka
river valley started by Cameron. He also developed the projects for the
construction of the Viscontiev stone bridge embellished with vases. One of
the remarkable architectural sights of Pavlovsk is the Temple of Friendship,
the flat dome of which rests on 60 columns. |
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Bridges of different shapes
can be seen in the park of Pavlovsk : embellished with exquisite
wrought-iron railings and decorative vases and sculptures.
The small bridges are added almost to all pavilions in the Slavyanka
river valley contributing to the ensemble's elegance. |
The sections adjoining to the park are decorated with
marble and bronze statues of the ancient gods.
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